1. Analyze the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) System
1a. Explain the structure of the EMS system, including roles of NHTSA and medical oversight.
1b. Differentiate between quality improvement (QI) and quality assurance (QA) in EMS.
1c. Analyze Authorization to Practice requirements for EMR/EMT credentialing.

2. Evaluate EMR/EMT Responsibilities
2a. Describe professional roles, behaviors, and scope of practice for EMR/EMTs.
2b. Explain disease transmission protocols and proper PPE use.
2c. Analyze safety precautions for roadway and hazardous scenes.

3. Apply EMR/EMT Operational Procedures
3a. Analyze field operations (e.g., ambulance, hazardous materials, mass casualty incidents).
3b. Demonstrate decontamination procedures.
3c. Meet Wisconsin’s weapons of mass destruction training requirements.

4. Apply EMR/EMT Legal and Ethical Standards
4a. Explain legal aspects of consent, refusal, and confidentiality (e.g., HIPAA).
4b. Document patient care (e.g., pre-hospital reports, refusal forms).
4c. Analyze ethical dilemmas in resuscitation decisions.

5. Apply EMR/EMT Communication Principles
5a. Use therapeutic communication techniques during patient interviews.
5b. Apply diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) principles in patient interactions.
5c. Operate communication technology (e.g., radios, EHR documentation).

6. Apply Correct Patient Movement Techniques
6a. Demonstrate safe body mechanics and urgent/non-urgent movement techniques.
6b. Position and restrain patients correctly.
6c. Operate patient movement equipment (e.g., stretchers, backboards).

7. Analyze Pathophysiology Principles
7a. Explain airway patency, respiratory compromise, and shock physiology.
7b. Convert imperial measurements to metric for medical dosing.
7c. Analyze alterations in respiration due to trauma or illness.

8. Identify Body System Functions
8a. Describe the anatomy/physiology of major body systems (e.g., respiratory, circulatory).
8b. Correlate system dysfunctions with clinical presentations (e.g., respiratory distress).

9. Characterize Human Development Stages
9a. Analyze age-specific physiological differences (infants to elderly).
9b. Modify assessments/treatments for pediatric or geriatric patients.

10. Analyze EMR Medication Profiles
10a. Identify drug names, indications, contraindications, and dosages.
10b. Classify medications by action (e.g., bronchodilators, epinephrine).

11. Administer Medications Safely
11a. Apply the "Six Rights" of medication administration.
11b. Reassess patients post-administration for adverse effects.
11c. Use weight-based dosing resources.

12. Relate Airway Anatomy to Airway Management
12a. Identify anatomical structures of the airway.
12b. Differentiate adequate vs. inadequate airway signs.
12c. Explain pediatric airway variations.

13. Relate Airway Anatomy to Respiration
13a. Analyze how diaphragm/accessory muscles aid ventilation.
13b. Differentiate adequate vs. inadequate respiration.
13c. Explain tidal volume and dead space physiology.

14. Apply Airway Management Techniques
14a. Demonstrate suctioning, head tilt-chin lift, and jaw thrust.
14b. Insert nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal airways.
14c. Safely handle oxygen cylinders and delivery devices.

15. Apply Patient Assessment Process
15a. Perform primary/secondary surveys and obtain vital signs.
15b. Identify life-threatening conditions (e.g., shock, respiratory failure).
15c. Apply ECG monitoring and end-tidal CO₂ equipment.

16. Apply Fundamental Medical Care (EMR Scope)
16a. Treat medical emergencies (e.g., diabetes, asthma, seizures).
16b. Administer scope-appropriate medications (e.g., aspirin, naloxone).

17. Apply Fundamental Trauma Care (EMR Scope)
17a. Manage bleeding, fractures, and spinal injuries.
17b. Stabilize trauma patients with age-specific modifications.

18. Address Special Considerations in Treatment
18a. Adapt care for obstetric, pediatric, or disabled patients.
18b. Manage gynecological/newborn emergencies.

19. Address Shock
19a. Identify types/stages of shock (e.g., hypovolemic, septic).
19b. Provide interventions for shock (e.g., oxygenation, positioning).

20. Resuscitate Patients
20a. Perform CPR/AED use per AHA guidelines.
20b. Apply cardiocerebral resuscitation (CCR) techniques.